=================================== TidesDB vs RocksDB Comparison Date: Mon Jan 19 03:11:44 AM EST 2026 Sync Mode: DISABLED (maximum performance) Default Batch Size: 1000 Results will be saved to: Text: tidesdb_rocksdb.txt CSV: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv =================================== ### 1. Sequential Write Performance (Batched) ### ======================================== TEST: Sequential Write (10M ops, 8 threads, batch=1000) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 6961015.53 ops/sec ITER: 8090117.44 ops/sec (10000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2266977.91 ops/sec ITER: 4729129.64 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 6961015.53 ops/sec Duration: 1.437 seconds Latency (avg): 1076.81 μs Latency (stddev): 299.59 μs Latency (CV): 27.82% Latency (p50): 989.00 μs Latency (p95): 1634.00 μs Latency (p99): 1851.00 μs Latency (min): 566.00 μs Latency (max): 5477.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 8090117.44 ops/sec Duration: 1.236 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2494.22 MB Peak VMS: 2857.34 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1196.65 MB CPU User Time: 11.868 seconds CPU System Time: 1.696 seconds CPU Utilization: 507.3% Database Size: 110.65 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.08x Space Amplification: 0.10x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 2266977.91 ops/sec Duration: 4.411 seconds Latency (avg): 3527.86 μs Latency (stddev): 9648.04 μs Latency (CV): 273.48% Latency (p50): 2908.00 μs Latency (p95): 3490.00 μs Latency (p99): 4346.00 μs Latency (min): 858.00 μs Latency (max): 235143.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 4729129.64 ops/sec Duration: 2.115 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2759.20 MB Peak VMS: 3341.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.01 MB Disk Writes: 1604.07 MB CPU User Time: 16.973 seconds CPU System Time: 1.254 seconds CPU Utilization: 278.6% Database Size: 192.30 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.45x Space Amplification: 0.17x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 3.07x faster (6961016 vs 2266978 ops/sec) ITER: 1.71x faster (8090117 vs 4729130 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 1076.81 μs vs 3527.86 μs PUT p99: 1851.00 μs vs 4346.00 μs PUT max: 5477.00 μs vs 235143.00 μs PUT CV: 27.82% vs 273.48% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 2494.22 MB vs 2759.20 MB Peak VMS: 2857.34 MB vs 3341.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.01 MB Disk Writes: 1196.65 MB vs 1604.07 MB CPU User Time: 11.868 s vs 16.973 s CPU System Time: 1.696 s vs 1.254 s CPU Utilization: 507.3% vs 278.6% Database Size: 110.65 MB vs 192.30 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.08x vs 1.45x Space Amplification: 0.10x vs 0.17x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 2. Random Write Performance (Batched) ### ======================================== TEST: Random Write (10M ops, 8 threads, batch=1000) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2299354.32 ops/sec ITER: 3005363.97 ops/sec (10000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1840333.41 ops/sec ITER: 3941267.24 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2299354.32 ops/sec Duration: 4.349 seconds Latency (avg): 3168.75 μs Latency (stddev): 1095.01 μs Latency (CV): 34.56% Latency (p50): 2944.00 μs Latency (p95): 5222.00 μs Latency (p99): 6239.00 μs Latency (min): 698.00 μs Latency (max): 8824.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3005363.97 ops/sec Duration: 3.327 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2486.02 MB Peak VMS: 3094.64 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1240.69 MB CPU User Time: 40.326 seconds CPU System Time: 1.943 seconds CPU Utilization: 550.6% Database Size: 100.06 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.12x Space Amplification: 0.09x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1840333.41 ops/sec Duration: 5.434 seconds Latency (avg): 4345.43 μs Latency (stddev): 5597.49 μs Latency (CV): 128.81% Latency (p50): 4017.00 μs Latency (p95): 5335.00 μs Latency (p99): 6042.00 μs Latency (min): 1085.00 μs Latency (max): 125312.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 3941267.24 ops/sec Duration: 2.537 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2743.57 MB Peak VMS: 3341.88 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1462.22 MB CPU User Time: 22.290 seconds CPU System Time: 1.414 seconds CPU Utilization: 297.0% Database Size: 116.77 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.11x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.25x faster (2299354 vs 1840333 ops/sec) ITER: 1.31x slower (3005364 vs 3941267 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 3168.75 μs vs 4345.43 μs PUT p99: 6239.00 μs vs 6042.00 μs PUT max: 8824.00 μs vs 125312.00 μs PUT CV: 34.56% vs 128.81% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 2486.02 MB vs 2743.57 MB Peak VMS: 3094.64 MB vs 3341.88 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1240.69 MB vs 1462.22 MB CPU User Time: 40.326 s vs 22.290 s CPU System Time: 1.943 s vs 1.414 s CPU Utilization: 550.6% vs 297.0% Database Size: 100.06 MB vs 116.77 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.12x vs 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.09x vs 0.11x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 3. Random Read Performance ### ======================================== TEST: Random Read (10M ops, 8 threads) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for read test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2323902.78 ops/sec ITER: 2965168.17 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2323902.78 ops/sec Duration: 4.303 seconds Latency (avg): 3164.98 μs Latency (stddev): 1134.71 μs Latency (CV): 35.85% Latency (p50): 3023.00 μs Latency (p95): 5244.00 μs Latency (p99): 6399.00 μs Latency (min): 775.00 μs Latency (max): 8734.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 2965168.17 ops/sec Duration: 3.372 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2502.82 MB Peak VMS: 3029.69 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1225.81 MB CPU User Time: 39.509 seconds CPU System Time: 1.850 seconds CPU Utilization: 538.8% Database Size: 90.08 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.11x Space Amplification: 0.08x Running TidesDB read test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Read-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... GET: 2533181.51 ops/sec ITER: 8275426.04 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes GET Operations: Throughput: 2533181.51 ops/sec Duration: 3.948 seconds Latency (avg): 2.93 μs Latency (stddev): 4.70 μs Latency (CV): 160.77% Latency (p50): 3.00 μs Latency (p95): 5.00 μs Latency (p99): 7.00 μs Latency (min): 0.00 μs Latency (max): 1004.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 8275426.04 ops/sec Duration: 1.208 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1703.16 MB Peak VMS: 2013.64 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 27.005 seconds CPU System Time: 4.760 seconds CPU Utilization: 540.3% Database Size: 90.08 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for read test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1959573.22 ops/sec ITER: 3953309.83 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 1959573.22 ops/sec Duration: 5.103 seconds Latency (avg): 4080.43 μs Latency (stddev): 936.59 μs Latency (CV): 22.95% Latency (p50): 4076.00 μs Latency (p95): 5050.00 μs Latency (p99): 6205.00 μs Latency (min): 1492.00 μs Latency (max): 22107.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3953309.83 ops/sec Duration: 2.530 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 286.92 MB Peak VMS: 1357.99 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1459.23 MB CPU User Time: 21.049 seconds CPU System Time: 1.632 seconds CPU Utilization: 296.7% Database Size: 153.04 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.14x Running RocksDB read test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Read-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... GET: 1632814.08 ops/sec ITER: 4851879.40 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes GET Operations: Throughput: 1632814.08 ops/sec Duration: 6.124 seconds Latency (avg): 4.37 μs Latency (stddev): 2.37 μs Latency (CV): 54.28% Latency (p50): 4.00 μs Latency (p95): 8.00 μs Latency (p99): 12.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 650.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4851879.40 ops/sec Duration: 2.061 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 280.29 MB Peak VMS: 1379.22 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 42.136 seconds CPU System Time: 5.188 seconds CPU Utilization: 528.9% Database Size: 110.07 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 4. Mixed Workload (50/50 Read/Write, Batched) ### ======================================== TEST: Mixed Workload (5M ops, 8 threads, batch=1000) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Mixed Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2635979.65 ops/sec GET: 1267559.18 ops/sec ITER: 2753525.34 ops/sec (5000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1975453.80 ops/sec GET: 1413188.27 ops/sec ITER: 4633400.70 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2635979.65 ops/sec Duration: 1.897 seconds Latency (avg): 2749.68 μs Latency (stddev): 1018.46 μs Latency (CV): 37.04% Latency (p50): 2498.00 μs Latency (p95): 4865.00 μs Latency (p99): 5797.00 μs Latency (min): 751.00 μs Latency (max): 7360.00 μs GET Operations: Throughput: 1267559.18 ops/sec Duration: 3.945 seconds Latency (avg): 5.79 μs Latency (stddev): 4.40 μs Latency (CV): 76.05% Latency (p50): 5.00 μs Latency (p95): 12.00 μs Latency (p99): 18.00 μs Latency (min): 0.00 μs Latency (max): 1148.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 2753525.34 ops/sec Duration: 1.816 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1278.53 MB Peak VMS: 1823.21 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 608.36 MB CPU User Time: 47.210 seconds CPU System Time: 1.747 seconds CPU Utilization: 609.2% Database Size: 43.96 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.10x Space Amplification: 0.08x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1975453.80 ops/sec Duration: 2.531 seconds Latency (avg): 4046.08 μs Latency (stddev): 644.56 μs Latency (CV): 15.93% Latency (p50): 4110.00 μs Latency (p95): 5013.00 μs Latency (p99): 5491.00 μs Latency (min): 989.00 μs Latency (max): 7369.00 μs GET Operations: Throughput: 1413188.27 ops/sec Duration: 3.538 seconds Latency (avg): 4.95 μs Latency (stddev): 3.06 μs Latency (CV): 61.70% Latency (p50): 5.00 μs Latency (p95): 10.00 μs Latency (p99): 15.00 μs Latency (min): 0.00 μs Latency (max): 862.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 4633400.70 ops/sec Duration: 1.079 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 643.23 MB Peak VMS: 1292.78 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 691.12 MB CPU User Time: 33.972 seconds CPU System Time: 2.433 seconds CPU Utilization: 485.1% Database Size: 77.42 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.25x Space Amplification: 0.14x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.33x faster (2635980 vs 1975454 ops/sec) GET: 1.11x slower (1267559 vs 1413188 ops/sec) ITER: 1.68x slower (2753525 vs 4633401 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 2749.68 μs vs 4046.08 μs PUT p99: 5797.00 μs vs 5491.00 μs PUT max: 7360.00 μs vs 7369.00 μs PUT CV: 37.04% vs 15.93% GET avg: 5.79 μs vs 4.95 μs GET p99: 18.00 μs vs 15.00 μs GET max: 1148.00 μs vs 862.00 μs GET CV: 76.05% vs 61.70% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 1278.53 MB vs 643.23 MB Peak VMS: 1823.21 MB vs 1292.78 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 608.36 MB vs 691.12 MB CPU User Time: 47.210 s vs 33.972 s CPU System Time: 1.747 s vs 2.433 s CPU Utilization: 609.2% vs 485.1% Database Size: 43.96 MB vs 77.42 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.10x vs 1.25x Space Amplification: 0.08x vs 0.14x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 5. Hot Key Workload (Zipfian Distribution, Batched) ### ======================================== TEST: Zipfian Write (5M ops, 8 threads, batch=1000) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Zipfian (hot keys) Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 3129757.23 ops/sec ITER: 3691942.99 ops/sec (651004 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1466933.41 ops/sec ITER: 1925510.21 ops/sec (656857 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 3129757.23 ops/sec Duration: 1.598 seconds Latency (avg): 2433.24 μs Latency (stddev): 1502.18 μs Latency (CV): 61.74% Latency (p50): 2352.00 μs Latency (p95): 3854.00 μs Latency (p99): 4422.00 μs Latency (min): 703.00 μs Latency (max): 92355.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3691942.99 ops/sec Duration: 0.176 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 594.46 MB Peak VMS: 1105.45 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 576.93 MB CPU User Time: 10.338 seconds CPU System Time: 1.776 seconds CPU Utilization: 682.7% Database Size: 10.14 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.04x Space Amplification: 0.02x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1466933.41 ops/sec Duration: 3.408 seconds Latency (avg): 5447.65 μs Latency (stddev): 1462.78 μs Latency (CV): 26.85% Latency (p50): 5585.00 μs Latency (p95): 7260.00 μs Latency (p99): 9044.00 μs Latency (min): 2275.00 μs Latency (max): 21661.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 1925510.21 ops/sec Duration: 0.341 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 791.52 MB Peak VMS: 1613.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 681.64 MB CPU User Time: 10.592 seconds CPU System Time: 0.958 seconds CPU Utilization: 308.0% Database Size: 66.65 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.23x Space Amplification: 0.12x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 2.13x faster (3129757 vs 1466933 ops/sec) ITER: 1.92x faster (3691943 vs 1925510 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 2433.24 μs vs 5447.65 μs PUT p99: 4422.00 μs vs 9044.00 μs PUT max: 92355.00 μs vs 21661.00 μs PUT CV: 61.74% vs 26.85% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 594.46 MB vs 791.52 MB Peak VMS: 1105.45 MB vs 1613.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 576.93 MB vs 681.64 MB CPU User Time: 10.338 s vs 10.592 s CPU System Time: 1.776 s vs 0.958 s CPU Utilization: 682.7% vs 308.0% Database Size: 10.14 MB vs 66.65 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.04x vs 1.23x Space Amplification: 0.02x vs 0.12x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Zipfian Mixed (5M ops, 8 threads, batch=1000) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Zipfian (hot keys) Workload: Mixed Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2940776.87 ops/sec GET: 2896304.20 ops/sec ITER: 3681459.75 ops/sec (655009 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1464211.59 ops/sec GET: 1698939.15 ops/sec ITER: 1921780.71 ops/sec (661475 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2940776.87 ops/sec Duration: 1.700 seconds Latency (avg): 2408.43 μs Latency (stddev): 3259.74 μs Latency (CV): 135.35% Latency (p50): 2291.00 μs Latency (p95): 3977.00 μs Latency (p99): 4606.00 μs Latency (min): 699.00 μs Latency (max): 153421.00 μs GET Operations: Throughput: 2896304.20 ops/sec Duration: 1.726 seconds Latency (avg): 2.10 μs Latency (stddev): 3.14 μs Latency (CV): 149.71% Latency (p50): 2.00 μs Latency (p95): 4.00 μs Latency (p99): 6.00 μs Latency (min): 0.00 μs Latency (max): 2380.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3681459.75 ops/sec Duration: 0.178 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 626.52 MB Peak VMS: 1143.61 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 576.93 MB CPU User Time: 22.882 seconds CPU System Time: 2.641 seconds CPU Utilization: 646.4% Database Size: 10.20 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.04x Space Amplification: 0.02x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1464211.59 ops/sec Duration: 3.415 seconds Latency (avg): 5458.85 μs Latency (stddev): 1338.95 μs Latency (CV): 24.53% Latency (p50): 5684.00 μs Latency (p95): 7232.00 μs Latency (p99): 8005.00 μs Latency (min): 2115.00 μs Latency (max): 18500.00 μs GET Operations: Throughput: 1698939.15 ops/sec Duration: 2.943 seconds Latency (avg): 4.14 μs Latency (stddev): 2.84 μs Latency (CV): 68.57% Latency (p50): 4.00 μs Latency (p95): 9.00 μs Latency (p99): 12.00 μs Latency (min): 0.00 μs Latency (max): 597.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 1921780.71 ops/sec Duration: 0.344 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 784.66 MB Peak VMS: 1676.51 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 683.46 MB CPU User Time: 32.284 seconds CPU System Time: 2.155 seconds CPU Utilization: 483.9% Database Size: 64.80 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.24x Space Amplification: 0.12x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 2.01x faster (2940777 vs 1464212 ops/sec) GET: 1.70x faster (2896304 vs 1698939 ops/sec) ITER: 1.92x faster (3681460 vs 1921781 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 2408.43 μs vs 5458.85 μs PUT p99: 4606.00 μs vs 8005.00 μs PUT max: 153421.00 μs vs 18500.00 μs PUT CV: 135.35% vs 24.53% GET avg: 2.10 μs vs 4.14 μs GET p99: 6.00 μs vs 12.00 μs GET max: 2380.00 μs vs 597.00 μs GET CV: 149.71% vs 68.57% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 626.52 MB vs 784.66 MB Peak VMS: 1143.61 MB vs 1676.51 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 576.93 MB vs 683.46 MB CPU User Time: 22.882 s vs 32.284 s CPU System Time: 2.641 s vs 2.155 s CPU Utilization: 646.4% vs 483.9% Database Size: 10.20 MB vs 64.80 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.04x vs 1.24x Space Amplification: 0.02x vs 0.12x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 6. Delete Performance (Batched) ### ======================================== TEST: Random Delete (5M ops, 8 threads, batch=1000) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2449304.30 ops/sec ITER: 3896785.07 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2449304.30 ops/sec Duration: 2.041 seconds Latency (avg): 3071.87 μs Latency (stddev): 1412.12 μs Latency (CV): 45.97% Latency (p50): 2695.00 μs Latency (p95): 5905.00 μs Latency (p99): 7872.00 μs Latency (min): 720.00 μs Latency (max): 12760.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3896785.07 ops/sec Duration: 1.283 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1163.76 MB Peak VMS: 1806.93 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 604.75 MB CPU User Time: 17.574 seconds CPU System Time: 1.233 seconds CPU Utilization: 565.6% Database Size: 43.82 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.09x Space Amplification: 0.08x Running TidesDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 3123732.94 ops/sec ITER: 2733534.01 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 3123732.94 ops/sec Duration: 1.601 seconds Latency (avg): 2408.40 μs Latency (stddev): 875.59 μs Latency (CV): 36.36% Latency (p50): 2301.00 μs Latency (p95): 3770.00 μs Latency (p99): 4428.00 μs Latency (min): 818.00 μs Latency (max): 19918.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 2733534.01 ops/sec Duration: 1.829 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 814.88 MB Peak VMS: 1113.81 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 100.21 MB CPU User Time: 12.992 seconds CPU System Time: 0.744 seconds CPU Utilization: 400.4% Database Size: 0.00 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.18x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2046808.88 ops/sec ITER: 3992714.10 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2046808.88 ops/sec Duration: 2.443 seconds Latency (avg): 3905.60 μs Latency (stddev): 830.41 μs Latency (CV): 21.26% Latency (p50): 3967.00 μs Latency (p95): 4686.00 μs Latency (p99): 5347.00 μs Latency (min): 1269.00 μs Latency (max): 19458.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3992714.10 ops/sec Duration: 1.252 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 261.91 MB Peak VMS: 1293.80 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 690.72 MB CPU User Time: 9.282 seconds CPU System Time: 0.782 seconds CPU Utilization: 272.0% Database Size: 78.76 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.25x Space Amplification: 0.14x Running RocksDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 3097770.60 ops/sec ITER: 0.00 ops/sec (0 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 3097770.60 ops/sec Duration: 1.614 seconds Latency (avg): 2580.76 μs Latency (stddev): 1333.44 μs Latency (CV): 51.67% Latency (p50): 2525.00 μs Latency (p95): 3573.00 μs Latency (p99): 4152.00 μs Latency (min): 536.00 μs Latency (max): 33097.00 μs Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 159.09 MB Peak VMS: 1294.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 157.66 MB CPU User Time: 10.526 seconds CPU System Time: 0.529 seconds CPU Utilization: 344.1% Database Size: 64.34 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.29x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 7. Large Value Performance (Batched) ### ======================================== TEST: Large Values (1M ops, 256B key, 4KB value, batch=1000) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 256 bytes Value Size: 4096 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 345954.20 ops/sec ITER: 1266496.11 ops/sec (1000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 180573.93 ops/sec ITER: 425264.27 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 256 bytes Value Size: 4096 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 345954.20 ops/sec Duration: 2.891 seconds Latency (avg): 22793.91 μs Latency (stddev): 4578.09 μs Latency (CV): 20.08% Latency (p50): 21948.00 μs Latency (p95): 29391.00 μs Latency (p99): 36633.00 μs Latency (min): 13168.00 μs Latency (max): 62763.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 1266496.11 ops/sec Duration: 0.790 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 3327.54 MB Peak VMS: 3767.12 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 4345.82 MB CPU User Time: 14.967 seconds CPU System Time: 10.308 seconds CPU Utilization: 686.7% Database Size: 302.05 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.05x Space Amplification: 0.07x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 180573.93 ops/sec Duration: 5.538 seconds Latency (avg): 44212.85 μs Latency (stddev): 66304.41 μs Latency (CV): 149.97% Latency (p50): 28622.00 μs Latency (p95): 116658.00 μs Latency (p99): 371716.00 μs Latency (min): 11532.00 μs Latency (max): 642450.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 425264.27 ops/sec Duration: 2.351 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1203.46 MB Peak VMS: 1864.23 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 5085.61 MB CPU User Time: 16.178 seconds CPU System Time: 4.023 seconds CPU Utilization: 256.1% Database Size: 346.80 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.23x Space Amplification: 0.08x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.92x faster (345954 vs 180574 ops/sec) ITER: 2.98x faster (1266496 vs 425264 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 22793.91 μs vs 44212.85 μs PUT p99: 36633.00 μs vs 371716.00 μs PUT max: 62763.00 μs vs 642450.00 μs PUT CV: 20.08% vs 149.97% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 3327.54 MB vs 1203.46 MB Peak VMS: 3767.12 MB vs 1864.23 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 4345.82 MB vs 5085.61 MB CPU User Time: 14.967 s vs 16.178 s CPU System Time: 10.308 s vs 4.023 s CPU Utilization: 686.7% vs 256.1% Database Size: 302.05 MB vs 346.80 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.05x vs 1.23x Space Amplification: 0.07x vs 0.08x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 8. Small Value Performance (Batched) ### ======================================== TEST: Small Values (50M ops, 16B key, 64B value, batch=1000) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 50000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 64 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 1779110.80 ops/sec ITER: 3314783.80 ops/sec (50000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1508030.78 ops/sec ITER: 4026753.43 ops/sec (50000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 50000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 64 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 1779110.80 ops/sec Duration: 28.104 seconds Latency (avg): 4275.59 μs Latency (stddev): 3251.62 μs Latency (CV): 76.05% Latency (p50): 3886.00 μs Latency (p95): 7104.00 μs Latency (p99): 8505.00 μs Latency (min): 676.00 μs Latency (max): 133782.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3314783.80 ops/sec Duration: 15.084 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 8538.81 MB Peak VMS: 11764.00 MB Disk Reads: 88.14 MB Disk Writes: 4520.18 MB CPU User Time: 258.333 seconds CPU System Time: 6.435 seconds CPU Utilization: 612.9% Database Size: 521.80 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.18x Space Amplification: 0.14x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1508030.78 ops/sec Duration: 33.156 seconds Latency (avg): 5304.41 μs Latency (stddev): 41435.49 μs Latency (CV): 781.15% Latency (p50): 3931.00 μs Latency (p95): 4974.00 μs Latency (p99): 5553.00 μs Latency (min): 1211.00 μs Latency (max): 1651710.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 4026753.43 ops/sec Duration: 12.417 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 8773.22 MB Peak VMS: 9357.99 MB Disk Reads: 0.02 MB Disk Writes: 5706.05 MB CPU User Time: 129.504 seconds CPU System Time: 5.614 seconds CPU Utilization: 296.4% Database Size: 560.86 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.50x Space Amplification: 0.15x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.18x faster (1779111 vs 1508031 ops/sec) ITER: 1.21x slower (3314784 vs 4026753 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 4275.59 μs vs 5304.41 μs PUT p99: 8505.00 μs vs 5553.00 μs PUT max: 133782.00 μs vs 1651710.00 μs PUT CV: 76.05% vs 781.15% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 8538.81 MB vs 8773.22 MB Peak VMS: 11764.00 MB vs 9357.99 MB Disk Reads: 88.14 MB vs 0.02 MB Disk Writes: 4520.18 MB vs 5706.05 MB CPU User Time: 258.333 s vs 129.504 s CPU System Time: 6.435 s vs 5.614 s CPU Utilization: 612.9% vs 296.4% Database Size: 521.80 MB vs 560.86 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.18x vs 1.50x Space Amplification: 0.14x vs 0.15x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 9. Batch Size Comparison ### Testing impact of different batch sizes on write performance ======================================== TEST: Batch Size 1 (no batching, 10M ops) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 1054456.12 ops/sec ITER: 4535721.30 ops/sec (10000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 820673.82 ops/sec ITER: 4733066.86 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 1054456.12 ops/sec Duration: 9.484 seconds Latency (avg): 7.22 μs Latency (stddev): 41.02 μs Latency (CV): 568.26% Latency (p50): 7.00 μs Latency (p95): 10.00 μs Latency (p99): 13.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 63907.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4535721.30 ops/sec Duration: 2.205 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 825.19 MB Peak VMS: 1794.25 MB Disk Reads: 0.01 MB Disk Writes: 1571.89 MB CPU User Time: 46.550 seconds CPU System Time: 45.520 seconds CPU Utilization: 735.9% Database Size: 111.35 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.42x Space Amplification: 0.10x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 820673.82 ops/sec Duration: 12.185 seconds Latency (avg): 9.46 μs Latency (stddev): 513.02 μs Latency (CV): 5422.64% Latency (p50): 8.00 μs Latency (p95): 11.00 μs Latency (p99): 15.00 μs Latency (min): 2.00 μs Latency (max): 464999.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 4733066.86 ops/sec Duration: 2.113 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1137.59 MB Peak VMS: 1806.14 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1510.06 MB CPU User Time: 99.752 seconds CPU System Time: 5.601 seconds CPU Utilization: 699.0% Database Size: 147.90 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.37x Space Amplification: 0.13x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.28x faster (1054456 vs 820674 ops/sec) ITER: 1.04x slower (4535721 vs 4733067 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 7.22 μs vs 9.46 μs PUT p99: 13.00 μs vs 15.00 μs PUT max: 63907.00 μs vs 464999.00 μs PUT CV: 568.26% vs 5422.64% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 825.19 MB vs 1137.59 MB Peak VMS: 1794.25 MB vs 1806.14 MB Disk Reads: 0.01 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1571.89 MB vs 1510.06 MB CPU User Time: 46.550 s vs 99.752 s CPU System Time: 45.520 s vs 5.601 s CPU Utilization: 735.9% vs 699.0% Database Size: 111.35 MB vs 147.90 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.42x vs 1.37x Space Amplification: 0.10x vs 0.13x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Batch Size 10 (10M ops) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 10 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2622979.03 ops/sec ITER: 3169250.66 ops/sec (10000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1671100.93 ops/sec ITER: 4109989.91 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2622979.03 ops/sec Duration: 3.812 seconds Latency (avg): 28.64 μs Latency (stddev): 308.34 μs Latency (CV): 1076.51% Latency (p50): 26.00 μs Latency (p95): 41.00 μs Latency (p99): 51.00 μs Latency (min): 6.00 μs Latency (max): 141402.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3169250.66 ops/sec Duration: 3.155 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2493.94 MB Peak VMS: 2962.05 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1247.28 MB CPU User Time: 31.077 seconds CPU System Time: 4.700 seconds CPU Utilization: 507.8% Database Size: 107.37 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.13x Space Amplification: 0.10x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1671100.93 ops/sec Duration: 5.984 seconds Latency (avg): 47.82 μs Latency (stddev): 1430.83 μs Latency (CV): 2992.17% Latency (p50): 35.00 μs Latency (p95): 48.00 μs Latency (p99): 61.00 μs Latency (min): 9.00 μs Latency (max): 268939.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 4109989.91 ops/sec Duration: 2.433 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2869.65 MB Peak VMS: 3533.90 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1474.99 MB CPU User Time: 43.481 seconds CPU System Time: 10.135 seconds CPU Utilization: 631.0% Database Size: 144.96 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.33x Space Amplification: 0.13x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.57x faster (2622979 vs 1671101 ops/sec) ITER: 1.30x slower (3169251 vs 4109990 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 28.64 μs vs 47.82 μs PUT p99: 51.00 μs vs 61.00 μs PUT max: 141402.00 μs vs 268939.00 μs PUT CV: 1076.51% vs 2992.17% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 2493.94 MB vs 2869.65 MB Peak VMS: 2962.05 MB vs 3533.90 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1247.28 MB vs 1474.99 MB CPU User Time: 31.077 s vs 43.481 s CPU System Time: 4.700 s vs 10.135 s CPU Utilization: 507.8% vs 631.0% Database Size: 107.37 MB vs 144.96 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.13x vs 1.33x Space Amplification: 0.10x vs 0.13x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Batch Size 100 (10M ops) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 100 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 3000187.51 ops/sec ITER: 3327038.58 ops/sec (10000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2183057.68 ops/sec ITER: 3874209.08 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 3000187.51 ops/sec Duration: 3.333 seconds Latency (avg): 256.83 μs Latency (stddev): 111.81 μs Latency (CV): 43.54% Latency (p50): 246.00 μs Latency (p95): 399.00 μs Latency (p99): 482.00 μs Latency (min): 54.00 μs Latency (max): 9045.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3327038.58 ops/sec Duration: 3.006 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2486.09 MB Peak VMS: 3097.46 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1254.34 MB CPU User Time: 32.308 seconds CPU System Time: 2.245 seconds CPU Utilization: 544.4% Database Size: 109.96 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.13x Space Amplification: 0.10x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 2183057.68 ops/sec Duration: 4.581 seconds Latency (avg): 366.20 μs Latency (stddev): 2838.62 μs Latency (CV): 775.15% Latency (p50): 303.00 μs Latency (p95): 408.00 μs Latency (p99): 493.00 μs Latency (min): 66.00 μs Latency (max): 165429.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 3874209.08 ops/sec Duration: 2.581 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2715.49 MB Peak VMS: 3405.77 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1463.31 MB CPU User Time: 26.335 seconds CPU System Time: 3.484 seconds CPU Utilization: 415.6% Database Size: 189.28 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.17x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.37x faster (3000188 vs 2183058 ops/sec) ITER: 1.16x slower (3327039 vs 3874209 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 256.83 μs vs 366.20 μs PUT p99: 482.00 μs vs 493.00 μs PUT max: 9045.00 μs vs 165429.00 μs PUT CV: 43.54% vs 775.15% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 2486.09 MB vs 2715.49 MB Peak VMS: 3097.46 MB vs 3405.77 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1254.34 MB vs 1463.31 MB CPU User Time: 32.308 s vs 26.335 s CPU System Time: 2.245 s vs 3.484 s CPU Utilization: 544.4% vs 415.6% Database Size: 109.96 MB vs 189.28 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.13x vs 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.10x vs 0.17x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Batch Size 1000 (10M ops) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2575598.98 ops/sec ITER: 3662509.96 ops/sec (10000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1923106.51 ops/sec ITER: 4064505.33 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2575598.98 ops/sec Duration: 3.883 seconds Latency (avg): 2856.47 μs Latency (stddev): 963.39 μs Latency (CV): 33.73% Latency (p50): 2665.00 μs Latency (p95): 4891.00 μs Latency (p99): 5553.00 μs Latency (min): 753.00 μs Latency (max): 6566.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3662509.96 ops/sec Duration: 2.730 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2478.72 MB Peak VMS: 2868.85 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1190.17 MB CPU User Time: 33.147 seconds CPU System Time: 1.813 seconds CPU Utilization: 528.6% Database Size: 87.95 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.08x Space Amplification: 0.08x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1923106.51 ops/sec Duration: 5.200 seconds Latency (avg): 4158.06 μs Latency (stddev): 5648.34 μs Latency (CV): 135.84% Latency (p50): 3854.00 μs Latency (p95): 4844.00 μs Latency (p99): 5534.00 μs Latency (min): 1273.00 μs Latency (max): 112931.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 4064505.33 ops/sec Duration: 2.460 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2758.90 MB Peak VMS: 3341.94 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1459.44 MB CPU User Time: 21.670 seconds CPU System Time: 1.298 seconds CPU Utilization: 299.4% Database Size: 151.92 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.14x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.34x faster (2575599 vs 1923107 ops/sec) ITER: 1.11x slower (3662510 vs 4064505 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 2856.47 μs vs 4158.06 μs PUT p99: 5553.00 μs vs 5534.00 μs PUT max: 6566.00 μs vs 112931.00 μs PUT CV: 33.73% vs 135.84% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 2478.72 MB vs 2758.90 MB Peak VMS: 2868.85 MB vs 3341.94 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1190.17 MB vs 1459.44 MB CPU User Time: 33.147 s vs 21.670 s CPU System Time: 1.813 s vs 1.298 s CPU Utilization: 528.6% vs 299.4% Database Size: 87.95 MB vs 151.92 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.08x vs 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.08x vs 0.14x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Batch Size 10000 (10M ops) ======================================== Running TidesDB (with RocksDB baseline)... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 10000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 1631123.93 ops/sec ITER: 4897433.06 ops/sec (10000000 keys) === Cleaning database for baseline comparison === === Running RocksDB Baseline === Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1208346.48 ops/sec ITER: 3979318.68 ops/sec (10000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 10000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 1631123.93 ops/sec Duration: 6.131 seconds Latency (avg): 44686.86 μs Latency (stddev): 9880.50 μs Latency (CV): 22.11% Latency (p50): 45645.00 μs Latency (p95): 59542.00 μs Latency (p99): 67975.00 μs Latency (min): 15962.00 μs Latency (max): 74578.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4897433.06 ops/sec Duration: 2.042 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2411.88 MB Peak VMS: 2907.66 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1191.62 MB CPU User Time: 50.385 seconds CPU System Time: 2.092 seconds CPU Utilization: 642.1% Database Size: 77.67 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.08x Space Amplification: 0.07x === rocksdb Baseline Results === PUT Operations: Throughput: 1208346.48 ops/sec Duration: 8.276 seconds Latency (avg): 65957.38 μs Latency (stddev): 26406.25 μs Latency (CV): 40.04% Latency (p50): 62017.00 μs Latency (p95): 82055.00 μs Latency (p99): 207233.00 μs Latency (min): 8574.00 μs Latency (max): 233427.00 μs ITER Operations: Throughput: 3979318.68 ops/sec Duration: 2.513 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 2668.36 MB Peak VMS: 3405.93 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1456.94 MB CPU User Time: 22.903 seconds CPU System Time: 1.083 seconds CPU Utilization: 222.1% Database Size: 123.10 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.11x === Comparison: tidesdb vs rocksdb === Throughput Comparison: PUT: 1.35x faster (1631124 vs 1208346 ops/sec) ITER: 1.23x faster (4897433 vs 3979319 ops/sec) Latency Comparison (lower is better): PUT avg: 44686.86 μs vs 65957.38 μs PUT p99: 67975.00 μs vs 207233.00 μs PUT max: 74578.00 μs vs 233427.00 μs PUT CV: 22.11% vs 40.04% Resource Comparison: Peak RSS: 2411.88 MB vs 2668.36 MB Peak VMS: 2907.66 MB vs 3405.93 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB vs 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 1191.62 MB vs 1456.94 MB CPU User Time: 50.385 s vs 22.903 s CPU System Time: 2.092 s vs 1.083 s CPU Utilization: 642.1% vs 222.1% Database Size: 77.67 MB vs 123.10 MB Amplification Comparison: Write Amplification: 1.08x vs 1.32x Space Amplification: 0.07x vs 0.11x Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 10. Batch Size Impact on Deletes ### ======================================== TEST: Delete Batch=1 (5M ops) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 1085369.76 ops/sec ITER: 5277796.84 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 1085369.76 ops/sec Duration: 4.607 seconds Latency (avg): 7.06 μs Latency (stddev): 24.79 μs Latency (CV): 350.89% Latency (p50): 7.00 μs Latency (p95): 10.00 μs Latency (p99): 13.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 40676.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 5277796.84 ops/sec Duration: 0.947 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 623.96 MB Peak VMS: 1391.97 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 742.09 MB CPU User Time: 19.051 seconds CPU System Time: 23.573 seconds CPU Utilization: 715.7% Database Size: 55.89 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.34x Space Amplification: 0.10x Running TidesDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 1154056.37 ops/sec ITER: 2831427.03 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 1154056.37 ops/sec Duration: 4.333 seconds Latency (avg): 6.72 μs Latency (stddev): 6.40 μs Latency (CV): 95.33% Latency (p50): 7.00 μs Latency (p95): 10.00 μs Latency (p99): 13.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 2576.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 2831427.03 ops/sec Duration: 1.766 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 812.40 MB Peak VMS: 1112.82 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 185.97 MB CPU User Time: 14.650 seconds CPU System Time: 21.316 seconds CPU Utilization: 554.1% Database Size: 104.43 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.34x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 882671.74 ops/sec ITER: 4028369.39 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 882671.74 ops/sec Duration: 5.665 seconds Latency (avg): 8.78 μs Latency (stddev): 5.25 μs Latency (CV): 59.78% Latency (p50): 8.00 μs Latency (p95): 12.00 μs Latency (p99): 16.00 μs Latency (min): 2.00 μs Latency (max): 2737.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4028369.39 ops/sec Duration: 1.241 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 264.12 MB Peak VMS: 1293.80 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 715.32 MB CPU User Time: 48.454 seconds CPU System Time: 2.957 seconds CPU Utilization: 706.1% Database Size: 77.79 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.29x Space Amplification: 0.14x Running RocksDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 896796.96 ops/sec ITER: 0.00 ops/sec (0 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 896796.96 ops/sec Duration: 5.575 seconds Latency (avg): 8.79 μs Latency (stddev): 5.07 μs Latency (CV): 57.67% Latency (p50): 8.00 μs Latency (p95): 12.00 μs Latency (p99): 16.00 μs Latency (min): 2.00 μs Latency (max): 2749.00 μs Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 186.18 MB Peak VMS: 1294.09 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 182.10 MB CPU User Time: 47.409 seconds CPU System Time: 2.268 seconds CPU Utilization: 734.5% Database Size: 66.37 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.33x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Delete Batch=100 (5M ops) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 100 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 3410952.98 ops/sec ITER: 4030681.55 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 3410952.98 ops/sec Duration: 1.466 seconds Latency (avg): 220.03 μs Latency (stddev): 99.27 μs Latency (CV): 45.12% Latency (p50): 208.00 μs Latency (p95): 340.00 μs Latency (p99): 422.00 μs Latency (min): 65.00 μs Latency (max): 8557.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4030681.55 ops/sec Duration: 1.240 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1164.40 MB Peak VMS: 1814.05 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 616.13 MB CPU User Time: 13.150 seconds CPU System Time: 1.074 seconds CPU Utilization: 524.7% Database Size: 52.22 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.11x Space Amplification: 0.09x Running TidesDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 100 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 3076527.39 ops/sec ITER: 2812075.73 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 3076527.39 ops/sec Duration: 1.625 seconds Latency (avg): 243.47 μs Latency (stddev): 118.00 μs Latency (CV): 48.47% Latency (p50): 221.00 μs Latency (p95): 416.00 μs Latency (p99): 578.00 μs Latency (min): 73.00 μs Latency (max): 6435.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 2812075.73 ops/sec Duration: 1.778 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 814.30 MB Peak VMS: 1113.52 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 105.67 MB CPU User Time: 12.770 seconds CPU System Time: 0.870 seconds CPU Utilization: 400.3% Database Size: 0.00 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.19x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 100 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2642674.01 ops/sec ITER: 3982959.31 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2642674.01 ops/sec Duration: 1.892 seconds Latency (avg): 302.43 μs Latency (stddev): 322.04 μs Latency (CV): 106.49% Latency (p50): 295.00 μs Latency (p95): 383.00 μs Latency (p99): 466.00 μs Latency (min): 66.00 μs Latency (max): 25159.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3982959.31 ops/sec Duration: 1.255 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 286.97 MB Peak VMS: 1293.77 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 688.72 MB CPU User Time: 11.228 seconds CPU System Time: 1.579 seconds CPU Utilization: 406.0% Database Size: 89.97 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.25x Space Amplification: 0.16x Running RocksDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 100 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 2445948.21 ops/sec ITER: 0.00 ops/sec (0 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 2445948.21 ops/sec Duration: 2.044 seconds Latency (avg): 326.79 μs Latency (stddev): 108.48 μs Latency (CV): 33.20% Latency (p50): 315.00 μs Latency (p95): 471.00 μs Latency (p99): 620.00 μs Latency (min): 56.00 μs Latency (max): 5378.00 μs Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 188.25 MB Peak VMS: 1294.29 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 170.35 MB CPU User Time: 13.206 seconds CPU System Time: 2.103 seconds CPU Utilization: 403.4% Database Size: 92.09 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.31x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Delete Batch=1000 (5M ops) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 3055926.51 ops/sec ITER: 3842261.34 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 3055926.51 ops/sec Duration: 1.636 seconds Latency (avg): 2422.94 μs Latency (stddev): 760.46 μs Latency (CV): 31.39% Latency (p50): 2267.00 μs Latency (p95): 3871.00 μs Latency (p99): 4797.00 μs Latency (min): 638.00 μs Latency (max): 6297.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3842261.34 ops/sec Duration: 1.301 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1155.76 MB Peak VMS: 1826.03 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 608.88 MB CPU User Time: 14.876 seconds CPU System Time: 0.988 seconds CPU Utilization: 539.9% Database Size: 43.74 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.10x Space Amplification: 0.08x Running TidesDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 2925228.81 ops/sec ITER: 2676302.78 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 2925228.81 ops/sec Duration: 1.709 seconds Latency (avg): 2649.60 μs Latency (stddev): 910.40 μs Latency (CV): 34.36% Latency (p50): 2530.00 μs Latency (p95): 4298.00 μs Latency (p99): 5154.00 μs Latency (min): 800.00 μs Latency (max): 9330.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 2676302.78 ops/sec Duration: 1.868 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 814.09 MB Peak VMS: 1112.99 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 100.21 MB CPU User Time: 14.084 seconds CPU System Time: 0.787 seconds CPU Utilization: 415.6% Database Size: 0.00 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.18x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2089270.34 ops/sec ITER: 4031442.02 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2089270.34 ops/sec Duration: 2.393 seconds Latency (avg): 3825.84 μs Latency (stddev): 577.06 μs Latency (CV): 15.08% Latency (p50): 3932.00 μs Latency (p95): 4598.00 μs Latency (p99): 5302.00 μs Latency (min): 1016.00 μs Latency (max): 6514.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4031442.02 ops/sec Duration: 1.240 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 237.80 MB Peak VMS: 1293.80 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 691.39 MB CPU User Time: 9.257 seconds CPU System Time: 0.742 seconds CPU Utilization: 274.8% Database Size: 75.49 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.25x Space Amplification: 0.14x Running RocksDB delete test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Delete-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... DELETE: [8 threads started] ..............................................................[T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 3125984.69 ops/sec ITER: 0.00 ops/sec (0 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes DELETE Operations: Throughput: 3125984.69 ops/sec Duration: 1.599 seconds Latency (avg): 2555.84 μs Latency (stddev): 836.56 μs Latency (CV): 32.73% Latency (p50): 2515.00 μs Latency (p95): 3404.00 μs Latency (p99): 3940.00 μs Latency (min): 562.00 μs Latency (max): 16860.00 μs Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 178.93 MB Peak VMS: 1294.62 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 157.14 MB CPU User Time: 10.541 seconds CPU System Time: 0.463 seconds CPU Utilization: 344.1% Database Size: 65.72 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 0.28x CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 11. Seek Performance (Block Index Effectiveness) ### ======================================== TEST: Random Seek (5M ops, 8 threads) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2645709.82 ops/sec ITER: 3970582.75 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2645709.82 ops/sec Duration: 1.890 seconds Latency (avg): 2803.28 μs Latency (stddev): 779.94 μs Latency (CV): 27.82% Latency (p50): 2687.00 μs Latency (p95): 4174.00 μs Latency (p99): 5326.00 μs Latency (min): 930.00 μs Latency (max): 6591.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3970582.75 ops/sec Duration: 1.259 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1155.08 MB Peak VMS: 1797.35 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 602.79 MB CPU User Time: 16.292 seconds CPU System Time: 0.965 seconds CPU Utilization: 547.9% Database Size: 43.94 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.09x Space Amplification: 0.08x Running TidesDB seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Seek Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... SEEK: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 1219183.61 ops/sec ITER: 7145909.47 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes SEEK Operations: Throughput: 1219183.61 ops/sec Duration: 4.101 seconds Latency (avg): 6.34 μs Latency (stddev): 9.21 μs Latency (CV): 145.34% Latency (p50): 6.00 μs Latency (p95): 9.00 μs Latency (p99): 12.00 μs Latency (min): 2.00 μs Latency (max): 2362.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 7145909.47 ops/sec Duration: 0.700 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 859.35 MB Peak VMS: 1242.23 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 31.268 seconds CPU System Time: 1.593 seconds CPU Utilization: 636.2% Database Size: 43.94 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1985037.58 ops/sec ITER: 3978899.10 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 1985037.58 ops/sec Duration: 2.519 seconds Latency (avg): 4025.76 μs Latency (stddev): 618.66 μs Latency (CV): 15.37% Latency (p50): 4097.00 μs Latency (p95): 4955.00 μs Latency (p99): 5530.00 μs Latency (min): 955.00 μs Latency (max): 7694.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 3978899.10 ops/sec Duration: 1.257 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 233.94 MB Peak VMS: 1293.80 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 691.43 MB CPU User Time: 9.725 seconds CPU System Time: 0.817 seconds CPU Utilization: 278.7% Database Size: 75.20 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.25x Space Amplification: 0.14x Running RocksDB seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Seek Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... SEEK: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 799664.27 ops/sec ITER: 4863169.85 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes SEEK Operations: Throughput: 799664.27 ops/sec Duration: 6.253 seconds Latency (avg): 9.41 μs Latency (stddev): 3.69 μs Latency (CV): 39.18% Latency (p50): 9.00 μs Latency (p95): 15.00 μs Latency (p99): 20.00 μs Latency (min): 3.00 μs Latency (max): 848.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4863169.85 ops/sec Duration: 1.028 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 233.49 MB Peak VMS: 1302.79 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 44.040 seconds CPU System Time: 4.608 seconds CPU Utilization: 634.3% Database Size: 52.67 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Sequential Seek (5M ops, 8 threads) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 5381598.38 ops/sec ITER: 7736309.44 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 5381598.38 ops/sec Duration: 0.929 seconds Latency (avg): 1303.15 μs Latency (stddev): 396.97 μs Latency (CV): 30.46% Latency (p50): 1177.00 μs Latency (p95): 1944.00 μs Latency (p99): 2237.00 μs Latency (min): 702.00 μs Latency (max): 10196.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 7736309.44 ops/sec Duration: 0.646 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 1158.97 MB Peak VMS: 1833.03 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 613.69 MB CPU User Time: 7.464 seconds CPU System Time: 1.047 seconds CPU Utilization: 540.0% Database Size: 55.31 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.11x Space Amplification: 0.10x Running TidesDB seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Seek Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... SEEK: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 3485994.32 ops/sec ITER: 7627206.55 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes SEEK Operations: Throughput: 3485994.32 ops/sec Duration: 1.434 seconds Latency (avg): 2.00 μs Latency (stddev): 3.25 μs Latency (CV): 162.54% Latency (p50): 2.00 μs Latency (p95): 3.00 μs Latency (p99): 5.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 943.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 7627206.55 ops/sec Duration: 0.656 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 848.00 MB Peak VMS: 1113.52 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 10.249 seconds CPU System Time: 1.037 seconds CPU Utilization: 466.6% Database Size: 55.31 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2535397.96 ops/sec ITER: 5063121.94 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2535397.96 ops/sec Duration: 1.972 seconds Latency (avg): 3152.59 μs Latency (stddev): 2733.05 μs Latency (CV): 86.69% Latency (p50): 3000.00 μs Latency (p95): 3683.00 μs Latency (p99): 4129.00 μs Latency (min): 1344.00 μs Latency (max): 71168.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 5063121.94 ops/sec Duration: 0.988 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 225.40 MB Peak VMS: 1293.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 740.07 MB CPU User Time: 7.248 seconds CPU System Time: 0.775 seconds CPU Utilization: 270.7% Database Size: 121.79 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.34x Space Amplification: 0.22x Running RocksDB seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Seek Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... SEEK: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 1817409.25 ops/sec ITER: 5775746.26 ops/sec (5000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes SEEK Operations: Throughput: 1817409.25 ops/sec Duration: 2.751 seconds Latency (avg): 3.22 μs Latency (stddev): 2.02 μs Latency (CV): 62.84% Latency (p50): 3.00 μs Latency (p95): 6.00 μs Latency (p99): 8.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 2606.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 5775746.26 ops/sec Duration: 0.866 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 219.11 MB Peak VMS: 1292.59 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 87.18 MB CPU User Time: 19.326 seconds CPU System Time: 0.368 seconds CPU Utilization: 500.7% Database Size: 87.29 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Zipfian Seek (5M ops, 8 threads) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Zipfian (hot keys) Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 2920279.30 ops/sec ITER: 4140354.43 ops/sec (654412 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2920279.30 ops/sec Duration: 1.712 seconds Latency (avg): 2498.97 μs Latency (stddev): 2928.85 μs Latency (CV): 117.20% Latency (p50): 2472.00 μs Latency (p95): 3600.00 μs Latency (p99): 4113.00 μs Latency (min): 758.00 μs Latency (max): 150106.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4140354.43 ops/sec Duration: 0.158 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 599.24 MB Peak VMS: 1041.45 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 576.93 MB CPU User Time: 10.185 seconds CPU System Time: 2.178 seconds CPU Utilization: 660.8% Database Size: 10.18 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.04x Space Amplification: 0.02x Running TidesDB seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Zipfian (hot keys) Workload: Seek Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... SEEK: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 3159000.72 ops/sec ITER: 7793773.67 ops/sec (654412 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes SEEK Operations: Throughput: 3159000.72 ops/sec Duration: 1.583 seconds Latency (avg): 1.60 μs Latency (stddev): 2.56 μs Latency (CV): 159.59% Latency (p50): 1.00 μs Latency (p95): 3.00 μs Latency (p99): 4.00 μs Latency (min): 0.00 μs Latency (max): 643.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 7793773.67 ops/sec Duration: 0.084 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 130.85 MB Peak VMS: 594.64 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 9.846 seconds CPU System Time: 2.060 seconds CPU Utilization: 596.5% Database Size: 10.18 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Zipfian (hot keys) Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 1641067.11 ops/sec ITER: 1020232.47 ops/sec (656641 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 1641067.11 ops/sec Duration: 3.047 seconds Latency (avg): 4812.53 μs Latency (stddev): 1511.20 μs Latency (CV): 31.40% Latency (p50): 5082.00 μs Latency (p95): 6293.00 μs Latency (p99): 6594.00 μs Latency (min): 1308.00 μs Latency (max): 74617.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 1020232.47 ops/sec Duration: 0.644 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 174.70 MB Peak VMS: 1293.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.01 MB Disk Writes: 679.12 MB CPU User Time: 9.726 seconds CPU System Time: 1.093 seconds CPU Utilization: 292.6% Database Size: 59.44 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.23x Space Amplification: 0.11x Running RocksDB seek test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Zipfian (hot keys) Workload: Seek Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... SEEK: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 632348.92 ops/sec ITER: 2129662.60 ops/sec (656641 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 5000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes SEEK Operations: Throughput: 632348.92 ops/sec Duration: 7.907 seconds Latency (avg): 11.75 μs Latency (stddev): 6.48 μs Latency (CV): 55.11% Latency (p50): 12.00 μs Latency (p95): 22.00 μs Latency (p99): 28.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 1030.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 2129662.60 ops/sec Duration: 0.308 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 205.64 MB Peak VMS: 1295.45 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 53.442 seconds CPU System Time: 7.443 seconds CPU Utilization: 705.2% Database Size: 37.07 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ### 12. Range Query Performance ### ======================================== TEST: Range Scan 100 keys (1M ops, 8 threads) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 4364734.69 ops/sec ITER: 4793978.76 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 4364734.69 ops/sec Duration: 0.229 seconds Latency (avg): 1713.64 μs Latency (stddev): 388.18 μs Latency (CV): 22.65% Latency (p50): 1702.00 μs Latency (p95): 2418.00 μs Latency (p99): 2821.00 μs Latency (min): 930.00 μs Latency (max): 3146.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4793978.76 ops/sec Duration: 0.209 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 287.66 MB Peak VMS: 688.82 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 120.64 MB CPU User Time: 1.971 seconds CPU System Time: 0.208 seconds CPU Utilization: 497.8% Database Size: 9.08 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.09x Space Amplification: 0.08x Running TidesDB range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Range Query Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... RANGE: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 359142.00 ops/sec ITER: 7477697.77 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes RANGE Query Operations: Throughput: 359142.00 ops/sec Duration: 2.784 seconds Latency (avg): 21.24 μs Latency (stddev): 15.03 μs Latency (CV): 70.78% Latency (p50): 16.00 μs Latency (p95): 50.00 μs Latency (p99): 69.00 μs Latency (min): 4.00 μs Latency (max): 3368.00 μs Keys per range: 100 ITERATION: Throughput: 7477697.77 ops/sec Duration: 0.134 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 190.89 MB Peak VMS: 595.36 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 20.633 seconds CPU System Time: 0.888 seconds CPU Utilization: 719.4% Database Size: 9.08 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2069142.46 ops/sec ITER: 4247510.96 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2069142.46 ops/sec Duration: 0.483 seconds Latency (avg): 3850.68 μs Latency (stddev): 604.95 μs Latency (CV): 15.71% Latency (p50): 3875.00 μs Latency (p95): 4800.00 μs Latency (p99): 5833.00 μs Latency (min): 878.00 μs Latency (max): 6497.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 4247510.96 ops/sec Duration: 0.235 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 95.77 MB Peak VMS: 1285.68 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 126.87 MB CPU User Time: 1.403 seconds CPU System Time: 0.172 seconds CPU Utilization: 218.4% Database Size: 18.25 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.15x Space Amplification: 0.16x Running RocksDB range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Range Query Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... RANGE: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 284423.01 ops/sec ITER: 4589240.07 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes RANGE Query Operations: Throughput: 284423.01 ops/sec Duration: 3.516 seconds Latency (avg): 26.62 μs Latency (stddev): 8.55 μs Latency (CV): 32.12% Latency (p50): 25.00 μs Latency (p95): 40.00 μs Latency (p99): 57.00 μs Latency (min): 3.00 μs Latency (max): 2644.00 μs Keys per range: 100 ITERATION: Throughput: 4589240.07 ops/sec Duration: 0.218 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 169.45 MB Peak VMS: 1292.42 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 26.510 seconds CPU System Time: 0.481 seconds CPU Utilization: 709.3% Database Size: 14.06 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Range Scan 1000 keys (500K ops, 8 threads) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 500000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 4179099.49 ops/sec ITER: 5349252.71 ops/sec (500000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 500000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 4179099.49 ops/sec Duration: 0.120 seconds Latency (avg): 1677.89 μs Latency (stddev): 396.51 μs Latency (CV): 23.63% Latency (p50): 1614.00 μs Latency (p95): 2426.00 μs Latency (p99): 2864.00 μs Latency (min): 589.00 μs Latency (max): 3375.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 5349252.71 ops/sec Duration: 0.093 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 150.89 MB Peak VMS: 593.45 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 57.58 MB CPU User Time: 0.810 seconds CPU System Time: 0.116 seconds CPU Utilization: 434.6% Database Size: 4.51 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.04x Space Amplification: 0.08x Running TidesDB range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 500000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Range Query Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... RANGE: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 46902.05 ops/sec ITER: 8072719.05 ops/sec (500000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 500000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes RANGE Query Operations: Throughput: 46902.05 ops/sec Duration: 10.661 seconds Latency (avg): 158.93 μs Latency (stddev): 39.94 μs Latency (CV): 25.13% Latency (p50): 145.00 μs Latency (p95): 221.00 μs Latency (p99): 358.00 μs Latency (min): 2.00 μs Latency (max): 672.00 μs Keys per range: 1000 ITERATION: Throughput: 8072719.05 ops/sec Duration: 0.062 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 106.61 MB Peak VMS: 594.45 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 77.129 seconds CPU System Time: 2.511 seconds CPU Utilization: 739.9% Database Size: 4.51 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 500000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2066918.56 ops/sec ITER: 6173906.60 ops/sec (500000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 500000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2066918.56 ops/sec Duration: 0.242 seconds Latency (avg): 3827.19 μs Latency (stddev): 530.01 μs Latency (CV): 13.85% Latency (p50): 3857.00 μs Latency (p95): 4504.00 μs Latency (p99): 5532.00 μs Latency (min): 861.00 μs Latency (max): 5680.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 6173906.60 ops/sec Duration: 0.081 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 88.88 MB Peak VMS: 1302.54 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 61.76 MB CPU User Time: 0.679 seconds CPU System Time: 0.058 seconds CPU Utilization: 228.2% Database Size: 56.80 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.12x Space Amplification: 1.03x Running RocksDB range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 500000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Random Workload: Range Query Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... RANGE: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 47043.75 ops/sec ITER: 6575400.11 ops/sec (500000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 500000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes RANGE Query Operations: Throughput: 47043.75 ops/sec Duration: 10.628 seconds Latency (avg): 168.56 μs Latency (stddev): 35.79 μs Latency (CV): 21.23% Latency (p50): 155.00 μs Latency (p95): 208.00 μs Latency (p99): 328.00 μs Latency (min): 2.00 μs Latency (max): 1875.00 μs Keys per range: 1000 ITERATION: Throughput: 6575400.11 ops/sec Duration: 0.076 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 75.27 MB Peak VMS: 1232.46 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 84.326 seconds CPU System Time: 0.100 seconds CPU Utilization: 785.8% Database Size: 7.47 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... ======================================== TEST: Sequential Range Scan 100 keys (1M ops, 8 threads) ======================================== Populating TidesDB for range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... PUT: 7048160.08 ops/sec ITER: 7218340.36 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 7048160.08 ops/sec Duration: 0.142 seconds Latency (avg): 999.65 μs Latency (stddev): 250.52 μs Latency (CV): 25.06% Latency (p50): 929.00 μs Latency (p95): 1493.00 μs Latency (p99): 1802.00 μs Latency (min): 605.00 μs Latency (max): 2062.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 7218340.36 ops/sec Duration: 0.139 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 285.62 MB Peak VMS: 686.09 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 121.82 MB CPU User Time: 1.145 seconds CPU System Time: 0.167 seconds CPU Utilization: 467.5% Database Size: 11.04 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.10x Space Amplification: 0.10x Running TidesDB range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Range Query Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running TidesDB benchmark... RANGE: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 509784.03 ops/sec ITER: 7798912.83 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: tidesdb (v7.3.0) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes RANGE Query Operations: Throughput: 509784.03 ops/sec Duration: 1.962 seconds Latency (avg): 15.36 μs Latency (stddev): 8.66 μs Latency (CV): 56.37% Latency (p50): 12.00 μs Latency (p95): 38.00 μs Latency (p99): 43.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 467.00 μs Keys per range: 100 ITERATION: Throughput: 7798912.83 ops/sec Duration: 0.128 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 187.91 MB Peak VMS: 595.36 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 15.347 seconds CPU System Time: 0.288 seconds CPU Utilization: 726.8% Database Size: 11.04 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... Populating RocksDB for range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1000 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Write-only Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... PUT: 2752031.00 ops/sec ITER: 5951743.27 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes PUT Operations: Throughput: 2752031.00 ops/sec Duration: 0.363 seconds Latency (avg): 2898.21 μs Latency (stddev): 317.03 μs Latency (CV): 10.94% Latency (p50): 2862.00 μs Latency (p95): 3499.00 μs Latency (p99): 3766.00 μs Latency (min): 790.00 μs Latency (max): 4741.00 μs ITERATION: Throughput: 5951743.27 ops/sec Duration: 0.168 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 84.86 MB Peak VMS: 1284.52 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 133.47 MB CPU User Time: 1.048 seconds CPU System Time: 0.221 seconds CPU Utilization: 237.4% Database Size: 25.53 MB Amplification Factors: Write Amplification: 1.21x Space Amplification: 0.23x Running RocksDB range test... === TidesDB Storage Engine Benchmarker === Configuration: Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes Threads: 8 Batch Size: 1 Key Pattern: Sequential Workload: Range Query Sync Mode: Disabled (fast) Running RocksDB benchmark... RANGE: [8 threads started] [T0 done] [T1 done] [T2 done] [T3 done] [T4 done] [T5 done] [T6 done] [T7 done] 361681.18 ops/sec ITER: 5004003.20 ops/sec (1000000 keys) **=== Benchmark Results ===** Engine: rocksdb (vunknown) Operations: 1000000 Threads: 8 Key Size: 16 bytes Value Size: 100 bytes RANGE Query Operations: Throughput: 361681.18 ops/sec Duration: 2.765 seconds Latency (avg): 20.76 μs Latency (stddev): 7.98 μs Latency (CV): 38.42% Latency (p50): 20.00 μs Latency (p95): 33.00 μs Latency (p99): 54.00 μs Latency (min): 1.00 μs Latency (max): 4067.00 μs Keys per range: 100 ITERATION: Throughput: 5004003.20 ops/sec Duration: 0.200 seconds Resource Usage: Peak RSS: 145.82 MB Peak VMS: 1294.37 MB Disk Reads: 0.00 MB Disk Writes: 0.00 MB CPU User Time: 21.053 seconds CPU System Time: 0.083 seconds CPU Utilization: 697.5% Database Size: 21.03 MB Amplification Factors: CSV exported to: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv Cleaning up /media/agpmastersystem/c794105c-0cd9-4be9-8369-ee6d6e707d68/home/db-bench... =================================== Benchmark Suite Complete! Results saved to: Text Report: tidesdb_rocksdb.txt CSV Data: tidesdb_rocksdb.csv The CSV file contains detailed metrics for all benchmarks and can be imported into spreadsheet tools using tidesdb_rocksdb.py. ===================================